In a groundbreaking study published in the International Journal of Photoenergy, researchers are exploring innovative solutions to a longstanding energy challenge in Ethiopia, where traditional methods of baking injera—an essential staple—rely heavily on biomass fuels like charcoal and animal dung. This practice not only contributes to environmental degradation but also poses significant health risks, particularly for women and children who bear the brunt of smoke inhalation.
Lead author Meseret Alemu Abinet from the Department of Mechanical Engineering has spearheaded an investigation into the integration of solar energy with a thermal storage system designed specifically for injera baking. “Our goal was to find a sustainable energy alternative that could improve the quality of life for communities while also addressing the environmental impacts of traditional energy sources,” Abinet stated.
The study delves into the thermal characteristics involved in charging and discharging processes within a system that combines photovoltaic (PV) panels and thermal oil. By utilizing a finite-difference computational model, the research team was able to simulate the energy storage capabilities of the system. The results were promising: during the charging phase, the thermal storage system could hold approximately 33.03 MJ of energy, while discharging yielded 13.1 MJ from phase change materials (PCM) and an additional 3.50 MJ from thermal oil through natural convection. The overall efficiency of the system was recorded at 46.67%, with the baking pan maintaining a temperature range of 220°C to 146.4°C for about three hours.
These findings could have profound implications for the energy sector, particularly in regions where solar energy is abundant but underutilized. “By harnessing solar energy and integrating it with an efficient thermal storage system, we can not only provide a reliable energy source for baking injera but also pave the way for broader applications in renewable energy,” Abinet explained.
The commercial potential of this research is significant. As solar technology becomes more accessible, the ability to create efficient energy storage solutions could transform energy consumption patterns in developing nations. This approach not only offers a sustainable alternative to traditional fuels but also empowers communities by improving health outcomes and educational opportunities.
As the world increasingly shifts towards renewable energy sources, studies like this one are vital in demonstrating the practical applications of solar technology. The research conducted by Abinet and her team offers a clear pathway for future developments in the field, suggesting that solar-powered solutions could become a cornerstone of energy strategy in Ethiopia and beyond.
For more information on this research, you can visit the Department of Mechanical Engineering at lead_author_affiliation.
