In the quest for sustainable and cost-effective energy solutions, geothermal energy is emerging as a formidable contender, according to a comprehensive study published in *Future Sustainability*. The research, led by Mukhtar A. Kassem from the Department of Earth Sciences at the University of Geneva, systematically reviews the viability of geothermal energy as a key player in the global energy transition.
Geothermal energy harnesses the Earth’s natural heat to generate electricity, offering a reliable and low-carbon alternative to fossil fuels. The study highlights that geothermal systems can achieve impressive capacity factors of up to 95%, significantly outperforming many other renewable energy sources. This high efficiency, combined with substantially lower CO₂ emissions, positions geothermal energy as a strong candidate for mitigating climate change.
One of the most compelling aspects of the research is its focus on the long-term economic benefits of geothermal energy. While the initial investment can be high, the study finds that geothermal systems offer substantial savings over time. “Geothermal energy not only provides a sustainable power source but also delivers economic advantages that make it a viable option for both developed and developing countries,” Kassem explains.
The study also underscores the importance of policy support and technological advancements, such as enhanced geothermal systems (EGS), in unlocking the full potential of geothermal energy. Case studies from Iceland and Kenya demonstrate successful implementations and environmental co-benefits, further validating the technology’s effectiveness.
For the energy sector, the implications are profound. Geothermal energy can play a critical role in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and supporting the clean energy transition. Its integration with other renewable energy sources can enhance the reliability and economic optimization of hybrid energy systems, offering a more resilient and sustainable energy future.
As the world grapples with the challenges of decarbonization and energy security, geothermal energy presents a promising solution. With continued investment and policy support, it has the potential to reshape the energy landscape, providing a sustainable and cost-effective alternative for clean energy production and climate change mitigation.