In the heart of Italy, a sector that has long been the backbone of the nation’s economy is facing a monumental challenge: decarbonisation. The chemical and petrochemical (C&P) industry, while vital to Italy’s economic health, is also a significant energy consumer and greenhouse gas emitter. A recent study published in the journal *Energies* sheds light on the prospects and hurdles of decarbonising this critical industry, with a particular focus on the basic chemicals sector.
Giuseppina Di Lorenzo, a researcher from the Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Constructions Engineering at the University of Pisa, led the study. Di Lorenzo and her team delved into the current state of production processes, technologies, energy consumption, and carbon footprint within the Italian C&P industry. Their findings reveal a sector that has made strides in energy efficiency and waste recovery but still faces an uphill battle in meeting 2050 carbon emissions targets.
The study highlights several key decarbonisation technologies, including electrification, green hydrogen, and carbon capture utilisation and storage (CCUS). However, the adoption of these technologies is not without its challenges. “The maturity level of these technologies and their applicability to highly integrated processes pose significant technical hurdles,” Di Lorenzo explains. Additionally, increased costs and the need for additional renewable capacity and infrastructure development are substantial barriers to widespread adoption.
The commercial implications for the energy sector are profound. As Italy and the rest of Europe push towards a greener future, the C&P industry will need to adapt and innovate. This could open up new opportunities for energy providers specialising in renewable technologies and CCUS solutions. Moreover, the study underscores the importance of timely policy support to aid the green transition of the C&P sector while preserving its economic significance.
Di Lorenzo’s research serves as a clarion call for collaboration between industry stakeholders, policymakers, and researchers. “A combination of additional decarbonisation technologies will likely be necessary,” she notes, emphasizing the need for a multi-faceted approach to tackle this complex issue.
As the world watches Italy’s efforts to decarbonise its C&P industry, the lessons learned could very well shape the future of the global chemical and petrochemical landscape. The journey towards a sustainable, green industry is fraught with challenges, but with the right strategies and support, it is a goal within reach. The study by Di Lorenzo and her team is a crucial step in this journey, providing valuable insights and paving the way for future developments in the field.