In a significant stride towards understanding Australia’s path to net-zero emissions, researchers from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) have published a study in the journal *Nature Communications Earth and Environment*. The research, led by Duy Nong, adapts global scenarios from the International Energy Agency to the Australian context, offering crucial insights into the nation’s decarbonisation journey.
The study highlights that achieving net-zero emissions in Australia will necessitate profound transformations across the economy, energy, and land systems. “Major changes are required, particularly in sectors where emissions are challenging to eliminate,” Nong explains. The research underscores the importance of a rapid transition to near-zero emissions electricity, which is pivotal for reducing costs and facilitating broader emissions reductions.
Using an integrated numerical economic-energy model tailored to Australia, the researchers explored how emissions might evolve by sector and identified key technologies for decarbonisation. The findings reveal that from 2030 onwards, carbon removal through land management and engineered solutions such as direct air capture and bioenergy with carbon capture and storage becomes critical.
The study also positions Australia as a potential global supplier of clean energy. “Australia is well-positioned to become a global supplier of clean energy, such as hydrogen made using renewable electricity, helping reduce emissions beyond its borders,” Nong notes. This could open new avenues for the energy sector, fostering innovation and commercial opportunities.
The research suggests that a swift shift to near-zero emissions electricity is central to reducing costs and enabling wider emissions reductions. This transition could reshape the energy landscape, driving investments in renewable energy technologies and infrastructure. The study’s findings are particularly relevant for policymakers, energy providers, and investors, offering a roadmap for Australia’s decarbonisation efforts.
As the world grapples with the challenges of climate change, this research provides a compelling narrative for Australia’s role in the global energy transition. By highlighting the commercial impacts and technological advancements required, the study not only informs but also inspires action towards a sustainable future. The insights gleaned from this research could shape future developments in the energy sector, guiding investments and policies to achieve net-zero emissions at a low cost.