In a groundbreaking study published in ‘Space Weather,’ researchers have unveiled the first comprehensive geoelectric hazard map for Ireland, a critical tool for safeguarding the nation’s energy infrastructure from geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). These currents can wreak havoc on power grids, railways, and pipelines, particularly during geomagnetic storms, which are becoming increasingly frequent as solar activity fluctuates.
The research, led by John Malone-Leigh from the Astrophysics Section at the Dunsink Observatory, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, highlights the importance of understanding geoelectric fields that arise at the Earth’s surface. “Our findings indicate that the intensity and direction of geoelectric fields are critical factors in predicting the potential for hazardous GICs,” Malone-Leigh explained. The study analyzed magnetic field data over 28 years, from 1991 to 2018, employing advanced magnetotelluric transfer functions to model these fields across the island.
The hazard map reveals that the most hazardous geoelectric fields are predominantly located in the west, southwest, and northern coast of Ireland. This geographic specificity is vital for energy companies and infrastructure managers who need to anticipate and mitigate risks associated with geomagnetic storms. “By providing detailed information on the probability of exceeding hazardous geoelectric field thresholds, we aim to empower stakeholders to take proactive measures,” Malone-Leigh added.
Notably, the research indicates that the geoelectric field often exhibits a stronger dominant orientation than the geomagnetic field itself. This insight could lead to more targeted strategies for protecting critical infrastructure, as the hazardous geoelectric effects are constrained to particular directions. The study also identifies a seasonal and diurnal effect in the geoelectric field time series, suggesting that energy providers may need to adjust their operational protocols based on time of year and day.
The implications of this research extend beyond academia into the commercial sphere. For energy companies, understanding the nuances of geoelectric fields can lead to more resilient infrastructure designs, ultimately reducing downtime and maintenance costs during geomagnetic events. As the energy sector increasingly embraces renewable sources, which may be more susceptible to GICs, this research could become a cornerstone for developing robust systems capable of withstanding nature’s unpredictability.
As the frequency of geomagnetic storms continues to rise, the insights gained from Malone-Leigh’s work will be invaluable. The geoelectric hazard map stands as a testament to the intersection of scientific research and practical application, paving the way for a safer and more reliable energy future.
