In the heart of Beijing, the China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE) is pushing the boundaries of nuclear physics, with recent advancements that could reshape our understanding of nuclear reactions, structure, and astrophysics. Led by Dr. YANG Lei and a team of distinguished researchers from the Department of Nuclear Physics, the institute’s work is not just academic—it holds significant promise for the energy sector.
The team’s research, published in the journal *Nuclear Science and Technology*, delves into the intricacies of nuclear reaction mechanisms, particularly the fission modes of platinum isotopes. Their experiments revealed asymmetric fission contributions and the dominance of proton-shell effects in fragment distribution. “This understanding is crucial for advancing superheavy element synthesis,” said Dr. LIN Chengjian, a key contributor to the study. Such insights could lead to more efficient nuclear processes, potentially impacting energy production and waste management.
In the realm of nuclear structure, the CIAE team has made strides in Coulomb excitation experiments and charged-particle detection technologies. Their studies on high-Z nuclei, like 205Po, have validated shell models and expanded knowledge of nuclear deformation and energy-level structures. These findings could pave the way for more stable and efficient nuclear fuels, a boon for the energy industry.
Nuclear astrophysics is another area where CIAE is making waves. The team proposed a novel method to determine neutrino mass hierarchy using supernova neutrino signals and investigated the 12C+12C fusion reaction, critical for stellar evolution. “Our work on low-energy nuclear astrophysics experiments supports facilities like the Jinping Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (JUNA),” noted Dr. LI Congbo. These advancements could enhance our understanding of stellar processes, potentially leading to innovative energy solutions inspired by the cosmos.
Theoretical nuclear physics research at CIAE has also progressed significantly. Quantum many-body methods, microscopic transport theories, and relativistic nuclear collision simulations are providing robust theoretical support for complex nuclear phenomena. These theoretical advancements are crucial for developing more accurate models and simulations, which can drive technological innovations in the energy sector.
Moreover, CIAE’s work on laser-driven electron acceleration and imaging experiments using a petawatt laser system has yielded impressive results. By optimizing laser pulse contrast and spectral width, the team generated high-energy electrons exceeding 200 MeV. “Our developments in laser nuclear physics experimental technology are propelling the field forward,” said Dr. ZHANG Yingxun. This technology could lead to more efficient and compact particle accelerators, revolutionizing various applications in energy and medicine.
Looking ahead, the CIAE team plans to delve deeper into key scientific issues such as the optical potential properties of highly deformed nuclei, threshold anomalies in exotic nuclear systems, and superheavy nuclear synthesis. They will also focus on enhancing the accuracy and reliability of theoretical models and optimizing laser nuclear physics experimental technology. These efforts are set to propel the development of fundamental nuclear physics research, with significant implications for the energy sector.
As the CIAE continues to push the boundaries of nuclear physics, its work is not only advancing our scientific understanding but also opening up new possibilities for energy production and technological innovation. The institute’s commitment to fundamental research is a beacon of progress, illuminating the path to a more energy-efficient future.