In a world increasingly powered by lithium-ion batteries, safety is paramount. Recent accidents involving battery fires have underscored this, driving researchers to better understand and predict thermal runaway (TR) in these energy storage systems. A new systematic review, published in the journal *Future Batteries*, delves into the state-of-the-art of TR in lithium-ion batteries, offering insights that could shape the future of battery safety.
Led by Shubham Bhoir from the Sustainable Energy Center at CSEM in Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and affiliated with the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, the review meticulously analyzes the phenomena that occur during battery abuse, the sensors used to detect faulty cells, and the models that interpret this data. “Understanding the pathways to thermal runaway is the first step in improving battery safety,” Bhoir explains. “By identifying the right sensors and models, we can predict TR with sufficient anticipation to prevent accidents.”
The review highlights that temperature monitoring, coupled with empirical models, is particularly effective for abuse detection. Meanwhile, voltage monitoring, combined with statistical models, is better suited for fault detection. This nuanced approach could significantly enhance the safety of lithium-ion batteries, a critical consideration for industries ranging from electric vehicles to renewable energy storage.
The commercial implications are substantial. As the demand for lithium-ion batteries continues to grow, so does the need for robust safety measures. This research could inform the development of advanced battery management systems, reducing the risk of TR and, consequently, the likelihood of fires. “The goal is to make batteries safer for their users,” Bhoir states. “This review provides a roadmap for achieving that.”
The findings also suggest that a combination of sensors and models is optimal for assessing battery safety. This could lead to more sophisticated and reliable battery management systems, benefiting both manufacturers and consumers. As the energy sector continues to evolve, such advancements will be crucial in ensuring the safe and efficient use of lithium-ion batteries.
Published in the journal *Future Batteries*, this systematic review offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of TR research. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers alike, providing a foundation for future developments in battery safety. As the world moves towards a more sustainable energy future, the insights from this review will be instrumental in shaping the next generation of safe and reliable battery technologies.