In a groundbreaking study published in the journal *Solar Compass* (translated from French), researchers have explored the potential of large-scale agrivoltaics farms to serve as autonomous energy sources for hydrogen-powered electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure. The research, led by Shanza Neda Hussain from the Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy at the University of Exeter, offers a compelling vision of how renewable energy can drive the future of clean mobility.
The study focuses on the production of green hydrogen (H2) using electricity generated from a 1GW agrivoltaics system—solar panels integrated with agricultural land—in diverse global climates. By simulating four distinct locations—Phoenix (USA), Eching (Germany), Hooghly (India), and Konstanz (Germany)—the research team assessed the variability in solar energy capture and hydrogen production across different regions. Each location was chosen for its unique solar radiation profiles and agricultural contexts, ensuring a comprehensive analysis.
Using advanced crop and solar power simulation tools, the researchers evaluated the performance of site-specific crops such as cotton in Phoenix, rice in Hooghly, and chia and safflower in Germany. The study employed bifacial LG Electronics solar modules, optimized for maximum electricity generation, and lithium-ion batteries to stabilize power output before supplying electricity to an electrolyser for hydrogen production.
The results revealed significant geographical variability in hydrogen production. Phoenix emerged as the top performer with the highest hydrogen output of 33,487.39 kg/month, while Eching produced the least at 30,514.04 kg/month. These findings highlight the potential of agrivoltaics to support a range of hydrogen-fuelled vehicles, from public transport buses to heavy trucks and passenger cars.
“The synergy between agrivoltaics and hydrogen technologies presents a transformative opportunity for the energy sector,” said Shanza Neda Hussain, lead author of the study. “By integrating renewable energy with sustainable agriculture, we can create a resilient and scalable solution for clean mobility.”
The study also evaluated the implications of these variations on supporting a fleet of hydrogen-fuelled vehicles, demonstrating the compatibility of agrivoltaics with clean mobility solutions. The integration of battery storage ensures reliable system operation, while the compatibility with multiple vehicle charging strategies underscores the practicality of off-grid, renewable-powered mobility.
This research offers a compelling blueprint for sustainable development, supporting progress towards multiple United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). By addressing critical global challenges, the study establishes new benchmarks for scalable, climate-adaptive solutions that advance clean electricity, hydrogen fuel production, and sustainable agriculture.
As the energy sector continues to evolve, the findings of this study could shape future developments in renewable energy integration and hydrogen fuel production. The research not only highlights the potential of agrivoltaics but also underscores the importance of regional adaptation in achieving sustainable energy solutions. With the growing demand for clean mobility, this study provides a roadmap for the energy sector to harness the power of renewable energy and drive the transition towards a greener future.