In the quest to optimize Ethiopia’s energy infrastructure, a groundbreaking study led by Wendmagegn Girma from the Addis Ababa Institute of Technology at Addis Ababa University has identified prime locations for pumped hydro-energy storage (PHES) around existing hydropower reservoirs. Published in the journal “Applied Water Science” (translated from the original title), this research employs a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to pinpoint optimal sites for PHES, a critical component in balancing energy supply and demand during peak hours.
The study underscores the significance of factors such as head, slope, and topographic wetness index in determining suitable PHES locations. “Head, or the vertical distance between the upper and lower reservoirs, emerged as the most significant factor, accounting for 29.8% of the decision weight,” explains Girma. Other crucial parameters include the head to distance ratio, topographic wetness index, and slope, which collectively influence the feasibility and efficiency of PHES installations.
Ethiopia’s ambitious renewable energy policy aims to harness the advantages of PHES to maximize energy utilization and address energy insecurity. The identified promising potential sites, particularly around the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), Gibe I & III, Koka, Finchea, Gilgel Gibe III, Melkawakena, and Tekeze reservoirs, offer strategic locations for PHES development. These sites are poised to enhance the country’s energy infrastructure, ensuring a more stable and reliable power supply.
The commercial implications of this research are substantial. By optimizing the placement of PHES, Ethiopia can reduce energy losses and improve grid stability, making the energy sector more attractive to investors. “This study provides a robust framework for decision-makers to prioritize PHES projects that offer the highest returns on investment and the greatest benefits to the energy sector,” Girma notes.
Moreover, the integration of hydropower reservoirs with other renewable energy sources, as suggested by the research, could pave the way for a more sustainable and resilient energy system. This approach not only addresses immediate energy needs but also supports long-term environmental and economic goals.
As the energy sector continues to evolve, the insights from this study will be invaluable for policymakers, researchers, and investors. By leveraging advanced analytical tools like MCDA and GIS, Ethiopia is setting a precedent for other nations seeking to optimize their energy infrastructure and transition to a more sustainable future. The research serves as a compelling example of how data-driven decision-making can shape the future of the energy sector, driving innovation and growth in the process.