In the quest for carbon neutrality, solar photovoltaics (PVs) are surging ahead, but integrating them into existing grids presents significant challenges. A recent study published in the journal *Energies* offers a promising solution, demonstrating how vertical PV (VPV) systems could revolutionize the way we harness solar energy and enhance grid stability. The research, led by Seungmin Lee from the KEPCO Research Institute in South Korea, explores the potential of VPV systems to increase the hosting capacity of distribution lines and mitigate issues like the duck curve and curtailment.
Traditional tilted PV (CPV) systems generate peak power around midday, often leading to overgeneration and subsequent curtailment. In contrast, VPV systems, which feature bifacial solar modules installed vertically and facing east and west, produce more power in the morning and afternoon. This temporal shift in energy generation can help smooth out the duck curve, a phenomenon characterized by a sharp drop in solar power generation in the late afternoon, which can strain the grid.
“By combining VPV and CPV systems, we can increase the solar hosting capacity of a distribution line, making it more resilient and efficient,” Lee explained. The study utilized OpenDSS software to analyze voltage fluctuations and thermal constraints under real-grid conditions in South Korea. The findings revealed that VPV systems can boost hosting capacity by up to 23%, ensuring stable grid operation and reducing power-generation uncertainties.
One of the most intriguing aspects of the research is the potential substitution effect of smart inverter-based energy-storage systems (ESS). These systems can further enhance grid stability by managing energy flow and mitigating voltage fluctuations. “The integration of smart inverters and ESS with VPV systems presents a holistic approach to optimizing solar energy utilization,” Lee noted.
The implications of this research are far-reaching for the energy sector. As countries strive to meet their carbon neutrality goals, the need for innovative solutions to integrate renewable energy sources into the grid becomes increasingly critical. VPV systems offer a viable option, particularly for countries with land constraints and public opposition to large-scale solar farms.
The study’s findings could shape future developments in the field, driving the adoption of VPV systems and smart inverter-based ESS. As the energy sector continues to evolve, such innovations will be crucial in achieving a sustainable and resilient energy future. The research published in *Energies* provides a solid foundation for further exploration and implementation of these technologies, paving the way for a more efficient and stable grid.