In a significant stride towards enhancing lithium-ion battery technology, researchers have developed a novel approach to stabilize a promising but previously air-sensitive material, opening doors for more energy-dense batteries. The study, led by Canshang Liu from the School of Marine Science and Technology at Harbin Institute of Technology, was recently published in the journal *Nature Communications*, which translates to “Nature Communications” in English.
The research focuses on Li5FeO4, a compound known for its potential to boost the energy density of lithium-ion batteries. However, its tendency to degrade when exposed to air has been a major hurdle for its commercial use. Liu and his team tackled this issue by applying a carbon coating to Li5FeO4 particles using pitch, a derivative of coal tar. This simple yet effective strategy dramatically improved the material’s stability.
“Our carbon-coated Li5FeO4 retained over 92% of its initial capacity even after 72 hours in air with 20% humidity,” Liu explained. “In contrast, uncoated Li5FeO4 lost most of its electrochemical activity within just 4 hours under the same conditions.” This enhanced stability is a game-changer, as it brings Li5FeO4 one step closer to practical application in commercial batteries.
The benefits of the carbon coating extend beyond air stability. The treated material also exhibited improved specific capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability. To demonstrate its real-world potential, the researchers assembled a pouch-type cell incorporating the carbon-coated Li5FeO4. This cell showed a notable 13.7% increase in energy density compared to a cell without the prelithiation additive.
The implications of this research are substantial for the energy sector. As the demand for higher-capacity batteries grows, driven by industries like electric vehicles and renewable energy storage, innovations like this carbon-coated Li5FeO4 could play a pivotal role. “This work not only addresses a critical challenge in battery technology but also paves the way for more energy-dense and stable lithium-ion batteries,” Liu said.
The study’s findings suggest that carbon-coated Li5FeO4 could soon become a viable option for commercial battery production, potentially revolutionizing how we store and use energy. As researchers continue to refine this technology, we may see a future where batteries are more powerful, longer-lasting, and better suited to meet the demands of a rapidly evolving energy landscape.