In a groundbreaking study published in the journal “Global Challenges,” researchers have demonstrated for the second time that thermal runaway in thionyl chloride cells can generate aerial shock waves, a finding that could have significant implications for the aerospace industry and energy sector at large. The research, led by Juliette Charbonnel from the University of Grenoble Alpes and CEA LITEN DEHT in Grenoble, France, sheds new light on the safety challenges posed by these high-energy-density cells.
Thionyl chloride cells, which consist of a lithium metal anode and a liquid cathode, have been widely used in various aerospace applications due to their high energy density. However, their safety has been a concern since the 1970s and 1980s. The generation of shock waves during thermal runaway events has not been thoroughly explored until now.
Charbonnel and her team characterized the shock waves generated during thermal runaway in these cells. They found that the TNT equivalent of thionyl chloride cells varies widely, ranging from 0.008 to 0.3 grams. While this may seem like a small amount, the impact on the mechanical structures of the battery module and the potential harm to people should not be underestimated.
“The generation of shock waves during thermal runaway is a critical safety issue that needs to be addressed,” Charbonnel said. “Our findings highlight the importance of understanding the mechanical impacts of these events to ensure the safe use of thionyl chloride cells in various applications.”
The research could shape future developments in the field by prompting manufacturers and engineers to reconsider the design and safety measures of battery modules. Understanding the potential for shock wave generation can lead to the development of more robust and safer battery systems, which is crucial for the aerospace industry and other sectors that rely on high-energy-density cells.
As the energy sector continues to evolve, safety remains a paramount concern. This study serves as a reminder that even well-established technologies can present unforeseen challenges. By addressing these challenges head-on, the industry can continue to innovate and develop safer, more reliable energy solutions.
In the words of Charbonnel, “Safety is not just about preventing fires; it’s about understanding the full range of potential hazards and taking steps to mitigate them.” This research is a step in that direction, offering valuable insights that could shape the future of energy storage and safety protocols.