In a groundbreaking study published in the journal *Nexus* (translated to English), researchers have uncovered the substantial potential of coal-to-nuclear (C2N) power generation as a viable and competitive strategy for global energy decarbonization. Led by Rui Jing from the College of Energy at Xiamen University and Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, the research highlights how repurposing existing coal-fired power plants could play a pivotal role in the transition to carbon-free energy.
The study, which analyzed 9,470 coal-fired power units globally, identified that 14.3% (371.6 GW) of these units could be prioritized for conversion to nuclear power. This finding underscores the feasibility of C2N as a strategic supplement to the prevailing reliance on variable renewable energy sources like solar and wind. “C2N offers a unique value in the energy transition by leveraging existing infrastructure and skilled workforce, making it a cost-effective and flexible solution,” Jing explained.
The research outlines three primary methods for C2N implementation: replace-only-boilers, repurpose-from-brownfield, and return-to-greenfield. Each method captures detailed coal and nuclear technology compatibility data, ensuring a seamless transition process. Notably, the study found that C2N could achieve a competitive levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) ranging from US$71.84 to US$101.48 per megawatt-hour, which is potentially cheaper than coal combined with carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies.
“This analysis shows that C2N is not only technically feasible but also economically viable,” Jing added. “It provides a balanced solution that can support the high penetration of weather-dependent renewables, ensuring a more stable and reliable energy system.”
The study emphasizes that while the transition to C2N is a decade-long process, immediate planning and action are crucial to overcoming regulatory and technical challenges. By repurposing existing coal-fired power plants, C2N can help address the grand challenge of phasing out coal while maintaining energy security and economic stability.
As the energy sector continues to evolve, this research could shape future developments by offering a pragmatic and cost-effective pathway to decarbonization. By integrating C2N with renewable energy sources, the global energy landscape can achieve a more sustainable and resilient future.