In the rapidly evolving landscape of nuclear energy, artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a powerful tool with the potential to revolutionize the sector. However, the integration of AI into nuclear power plants and related technologies presents a complex web of legal challenges and regulatory hurdles. A recent study published in the Moscow State University Journal of Law, led by Lev R. Klebanov of RUDN University, delves into these issues, highlighting the need for international cooperation and innovative legal frameworks to ensure the safe and reliable use of AI in nuclear energy.
The study identifies several potential threats and legal challenges associated with the use of AI in nuclear energy, including those related to the nuclear non-proliferation regime and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguards system. “The application of AI holds the potential for revolutionary advancements in civil nuclear energy,” Klebanov explains. “However, this necessitates establishing a framework to ensure the safe and reliable use of AI technologies within the nuclear sector.”
One of the key areas of concern is the liability regime for nuclear damage caused by AI. As AI systems become more autonomous, determining liability in the event of an accident or malfunction becomes increasingly complex. The study also explores insurance considerations and the role of international organizations, such as the IAEA, in establishing a suitable regulatory environment for AI in nuclear energy.
The research methodology incorporates a range of techniques, including formal-legal, comparative-legal, and historical methods, as well as forecasting techniques. Klebanov and his team conclude that the development of principles and standards for the safe use of AI in nuclear energy will initially occur through cooperation among individual states. “It is crucial for Russia to leverage this experience and create opportunities for collective cooperation, for example, within BRICS and BRICS+, to regulate AI in the nuclear energy sector,” Klebanov suggests.
The study’s findings have significant implications for the energy sector, particularly in terms of commercial impacts. As AI technologies become more prevalent in nuclear energy, companies will need to navigate a complex regulatory landscape and manage potential liability risks. However, the study also highlights the potential for AI to accelerate technological development in nuclear energy, offering new opportunities for innovation and growth.
The research published in the Moscow State University Journal of Law underscores the importance of international cooperation and innovative legal frameworks in harnessing the potential of AI in nuclear energy. As the energy sector continues to evolve, the insights provided by Klebanov and his team will be invaluable in shaping future developments and ensuring the safe and reliable use of AI technologies.