In the quest for a sustainable energy future, ammonia is emerging as a promising zero-carbon fuel and hydrogen carrier, offering a bridge between green hydrogen production and zero-carbon end-use. This is according to a comprehensive review published by Mengwei Sun, a researcher at the College of Energy Environment and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University. The study, published in Energies, delves into the recent advancements and key challenges in ammonia-based clean energy systems, providing valuable insights for the energy sector.
Ammonia’s appeal lies in its high energy density, mature liquefaction infrastructure, and compatibility with existing energy systems. “Ammonia offers a unique combination of properties that make it an attractive option for clean energy systems,” Sun explains. “Its high energy density and ease of storage and transport make it a strong contender in the race for sustainable energy solutions.”
The review covers a wide range of topics, from ammonia’s physicochemical properties to its combustion behavior and emission control strategies. One of the key challenges highlighted is ammonia’s low reactivity and narrow flammability limits. To address this, the study evaluates co-firing approaches with hydrogen, methane, coal, and dimethyl ether (DME). These strategies could enhance ammonia’s reactivity and expand its applications in power generation, maritime propulsion, and long-duration energy storage.
The study also draws insights from current demonstration projects, providing a real-world perspective on the potential and challenges of ammonia-based energy systems. For instance, ammonia co-firing in coal-fired power plants could significantly reduce carbon emissions, contributing to the global effort against climate change.
However, the path to widespread adoption of ammonia-based energy systems is not without obstacles. The review critically examines key technical barriers, including ignition delay, NOX emissions, ammonia slip, and economic feasibility. Addressing these challenges will require innovative solutions and supportive policy frameworks.
Looking ahead, the study discusses future development trends, emphasizing the importance of integrated system design, low-NOX combustor development, and solid-state storage materials. These advancements could pave the way for a sustainable, secure, and flexible energy future.
The implications of this research are significant for the energy sector. As the world transitions towards clean energy, ammonia could play a pivotal role in bridging the gap between green hydrogen production and zero-carbon end-use. By addressing the key challenges and leveraging the strengths of ammonia, the energy sector can move closer to a sustainable and secure energy future.
The study, published in Energies, which translates to Energies in English, provides a comprehensive overview of the current state and future potential of ammonia-based clean energy systems. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals navigating the complex landscape of clean energy technologies. As Sun puts it, “The future of ammonia in clean energy systems is promising, but it will require a concerted effort from all stakeholders to overcome the existing challenges and unlock its full potential.”