In the rapidly evolving landscape of energy systems, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are emerging as a linchpin technology, bridging the gap between conventional, centralized power grids and the decentralized, electronized systems of the future. A groundbreaking study, led by João Marcus S. Callegari from the Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, has developed a novel multi-step methodology for sizing BESS, tailored to provide multiple ancillary services independently. This research, published in the journal ‘e-Prime: Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy’ (translated from Portuguese), promises to revolutionize how prosumers and utilities approach energy storage investments.
Callegari’s methodology focuses on three key ancillary services: self-consumption (SC), energy time-shift (ETS), and islanded (IS) operation. By evaluating economic viability, utilizing real-world mission profiles, and estimating Li-ion battery bank degradation, the study offers a comprehensive tool for decision-making in the energy sector. “The goal is to support attractive investments that meet technical requirements,” Callegari explains, highlighting the practical applications of his research.
The study applied this methodology to four case studies in SC and ETS modes, exploring various scenarios such as photovoltaic (PV) power plant size, fixed PV capacity, battery size trade-offs, and grid power charging. The results are compelling: a BESS performing ETS, charged by a 250 kW PV system, achieved a net present value of $417,739, an internal rate of return of 18.55%, and a discounted payback period of 9 years. This system maintained an average state of charge of 75%, with only 6.4% of the time unable to provide ETS due to battery constraints. In islanded operation, the system provided 10 hours of autonomy during grid outages, sufficient to support the facility.
The implications for the energy sector are significant. As the world transitions towards decentralized energy systems, the ability to size BESS effectively for multiple ancillary services will be crucial. This research provides a roadmap for utilities and prosumers to make informed decisions, ensuring that their investments are both technically sound and economically viable. “Sensitivity analysis in promising scenarios, such as energy tariff increases and BESS cost reductions, further enhances the technical and economic feasibility of the system,” Callegari notes, pointing to the adaptability of his methodology.
The study’s findings suggest that as energy tariffs rise and BESS costs decrease, the economic viability of these systems will only improve. This could lead to a surge in investments in energy storage, accelerating the transition to decentralized energy systems. For the energy sector, this means increased resilience, reliability, and efficiency. Prosumers and utilities will be better equipped to manage energy demand, reduce costs, and enhance grid stability.
As we look to the future, Callegari’s research offers a glimpse into how BESS can be optimized for multiple services, paving the way for more sophisticated and integrated energy systems. The energy sector stands on the brink of a new era, and this study is a significant step forward in shaping that future. With the insights provided by Callegari and his team, the path to a more decentralized, electronized energy landscape becomes clearer, promising a more sustainable and efficient energy future for all.