In the relentless pursuit of understanding the building blocks of our universe, a team of researchers has made a significant stride in the realm of superheavy elements. Led by H.S. Anushree from the Department of Physics at R.V. College of Engineering in Bengaluru, the study delves into the synthesis of elements with atomic numbers Z=119 to Z=123 using manganese (Mn) projectiles. This work, published in the journal Nuclear Analysis, which translates to Nuclear Analysis, could pave the way for groundbreaking advancements in nuclear physics and energy production.
The synthesis of superheavy elements is a complex dance of nuclei, where understanding the fusion process is crucial. Anushree and her team conducted an in-depth investigation of Mn-induced fusion reactions, considering both Coulomb and nuclear potentials. “The nuclear potential was calculated using the Thomas–Fermi approach,” Anushree explained, “a method that’s invaluable for modeling the behavior of nucleons in atomic nuclei.”
The team’s analysis involved a sophisticated statistical model to determine evaporation residue cross-sections, a key metric in fusion reactions. They calculated capture, fusion, and evaporation residue cross-sections for various projectile–target combinations at optimal energies. The study considered all Mn isotopes with larger half-lives as projectiles, reacting with a range of actinide targets like plutonium, americium, curium, berkelium, and californium.
The results are promising, with several reactions standing out for their high evaporation residue cross-sections. For instance, the reaction 241Pu (55Mn, 3n)293119 showed a maximum cross-section of 415.1 femtobarns (fb) at 240 MeV. Other notable reactions include 242Am (55Mn, 3n)294120 with 115.4 fb at 244 MeV and 247Cm (55Mn, 3n)299121 with 36.5 fb at 245 MeV. These findings could guide future experiments in exploring the elusive 8th row of the periodic table.
So, why does this matter for the energy sector? Superheavy elements, with their unique nuclear properties, could potentially revolutionize nuclear energy production. They could lead to more efficient reactors, safer waste management, or even entirely new types of nuclear power. Moreover, the methods developed in this study could enhance our understanding of nuclear fusion, a clean and virtually limitless energy source.
Anushree’s work is a testament to the power of theoretical physics in driving technological innovation. “Our predictions may help future experimentalists in their quest to explore the 8th row in the periodic table,” she said, highlighting the collaborative nature of scientific progress. As we stand on the brink of a new era in nuclear physics, this research serves as a beacon, guiding us towards a future powered by the very building blocks of our universe.
The study, published in Nuclear Analysis, marks a significant step forward in our understanding of superheavy elements and their potential applications. As we continue to push the boundaries of nuclear physics, the energy sector stands to benefit immensely, with cleaner, safer, and more efficient power sources on the horizon. The journey to the 8th row of the periodic table is fraught with challenges, but with researchers like Anushree leading the way, the future of nuclear energy looks brighter than ever.
