In the vast, sun-drenched landscapes of North Africa and South America, a new study is shedding light on the optimal locations for hybrid solar gas turbines, a technology that combines solar power with conventional gas turbines to generate electricity. The research, led by Omar Behar of the Solar Energy Research Center (SERC-Chile) and the Department of Electrical Engineering at the University of Concepcion, Chile, delves into the intricate dance between geographical parameters and the performance of these hybrid systems.
Behar and his team focused on sites in Chile, Bolivia, Peru, Algeria, and Libya, using advanced software tools like SolarPILOT and TRNSYS to model and simulate the performance of a 50 MWe hybrid solar gas turbine. The findings are clear: North Africa emerges as the winner in terms of solar-to-electric efficiency. “The optical performance of the heliostat field, which is crucial for concentrating solar power, is significantly better in North Africa than in South America,” Behar explains. This is a game-changer for the energy sector, as it provides a clear geographical advantage for investors and developers eyeing large-scale solar projects.
The study reveals that the annual optical efficiency of the solar field is highest in Bechar, Algeria, at 56.8%, while the lowest is in Antofagasta, Chile, at 48.1%. This discrepancy is largely due to differences in solar irradiance and atmospheric conditions. The solar-to-electric efficiency in the Atacama Desert, for instance, ranges from 17% to 18%, whereas in the Sahara Desert, it exceeds 19% in locations like Sabha and Bechar.
These findings have profound implications for the energy sector. As the world transitions towards renewable energy, understanding the geographical nuances of solar power generation is crucial. The study highlights that while South America has significant solar potential, North Africa’s climate and geographical features make it a more efficient location for hybrid solar gas turbines. This could influence future investments and policy decisions, potentially redirecting capital towards North African projects.
The research, published in the International Journal of Energetica, underscores the importance of site selection in maximizing the efficiency of solar thermal power plants. As Behar notes, “The choice of location can significantly impact the overall performance and economic viability of a hybrid solar gas turbine project.” This insight is invaluable for energy companies and governments looking to harness the power of the sun more effectively.
The study also opens up new avenues for research and development. Future work could explore the integration of advanced materials and technologies to enhance the performance of heliostat fields in less optimal locations. Additionally, the findings could inspire further investigations into the economic and environmental impacts of large-scale solar projects in different geographical settings.
As the energy sector continues to evolve, studies like Behar’s provide a roadmap for navigating the complexities of renewable energy. By understanding the interplay between geography and technology, we can pave the way for a more sustainable and efficient energy future.
