In the heart of Europe, a groundbreaking study led by Jozsef Menyhart, from the Department of Vehicles Engineering at the University of Debrecen, is challenging conventional wisdom about electric vehicles (EVs) and their role in the energy landscape. Published in ‘Energies’, the research delves into the potential of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, revealing that EVs could be more than just modes of transport—they could be pivotal players in stabilizing the grid and fostering energy communities.
Menyhart’s study, which analyzed a year’s worth of data from a hybrid vehicle, shows that EVs can act as effective energy storage devices, especially when considered at a fleet level. “The battery capacity of vehicles currently on the market and those expected by 2030 will reach 29 TWh, rising to 186 TWh by 2050,” Menyhart explains. “This increase in capacity can be harnessed in numerous ways, with V2G technology being one of the most promising.”
The implications for the energy sector are profound. As the EU pushes for reduced emissions and optimized energy use, the integration of EVs into the grid could alleviate the strain on local networks. By 2025, the Netherlands alone is expected to have around 3,000 locations where 100 electric vehicles can be connected to the grid simultaneously. This poses significant challenges, but V2G technology offers a solution by enabling bidirectional energy flow. “V2G technology could influence the development of battery production and contribute to the expansion of secondary markets by enabling the recycling of degraded batteries for buildings or renewable energy systems,” Menyhart notes.
The study also highlights the potential for EVs to support renewable energy sources. By acting as energy storage devices, EVs can help balance the intermittency of wind and solar power, making the grid more resilient and sustainable. This could be a game-changer for countries heavily reliant on oil imports, as it would diversify domestic energy production and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Moreover, the research underscores the commercial opportunities for vehicle manufacturers and energy providers. As the market for V2G-capable vehicles expands, so too does the potential for new business models and revenue streams. Manufacturers could see increased demand for vehicles equipped with V2G technology, while energy providers could benefit from the additional storage capacity and grid stabilization.
The study also sheds light on the current landscape of V2G-capable vehicle models, providing a snapshot of the market and its future prospects. As Menyhart’s research demonstrates, the integration of EVs into the grid is not just a theoretical possibility—it’s a practical reality with significant commercial and environmental benefits.
The findings of this study could shape future developments in the field, encouraging more investment in V2G technology and driving innovation in the energy sector. As the EU continues to prioritize renewable energy and energy independence, the role of EVs in the grid will become increasingly important. Menyhart’s research provides a roadmap for harnessing the full potential of EVs, paving the way for a more sustainable and resilient energy future.