In a groundbreaking study published in Heliyon, researchers led by Bourhan Tashtoush from the Mechanical Engineering Department at Jordan University of Science and Technology are tackling a pressing challenge in renewable energy: the need for continuous electrical and thermal energy generation from solar power, particularly in rural regions. As the world increasingly turns to sustainable energy solutions, this research offers promising insights that could reshape how solar energy systems are designed and implemented.
The study investigates two innovative configurations of photovoltaic thermal-phase change material (PVT-PCM) systems. System A places water-based thermal collector tubes above a layer of phase change material, while System B positions the tubes below this layer. This nuanced approach aims to optimize energy output, especially during nighttime when solar energy is not available. “Our research not only explores the geometric configuration of these systems but also considers the impact of local weather conditions,” Tashtoush explains.
Conducting numerical simulations over a full 24-hour cycle in two contrasting locations—Ma’an, a desert area, and Irbid, a more temperate city—Tashtoush and his team uncovered critical differences in system performance. The findings revealed that while System A achieved a maximum cumulative electrical power output of 3,095.81 W/day in Ma’an with a 3 cm thickness of phase change material, the thermal energy levels in Irbid were generally superior. Notably, System B outperformed System A in Ma’an for thermal energy production, retaining more latent heat in the phase change material layer during the night.
The implications of these results are significant. As Tashtoush notes, “By optimizing the configurations of PVT-PCM systems, we can enhance energy efficiency, particularly in regions that face energy scarcity.” This research could pave the way for more effective solar energy solutions, particularly in rural areas where energy demands are diverse and often unmet.
Moreover, the study highlights the importance of flow rates in these systems. Elevated flow rates were found to reduce latent heat storage and outlet water temperatures, which is crucial for optimizing both thermal and electrical outputs. This nuanced understanding of how flow rates impact system performance could inform future designs and operational strategies for solar energy technologies.
As the energy sector continues to evolve, the insights from this research could play a pivotal role in advancing solar technology, particularly in arid regions where maximizing thermal energy generation is essential. The exploration of stearic acid metal-organic frameworks as phase change materials further enhances the potential for innovative solutions in energy storage and management.
With the global push toward renewable energy, Tashtoush’s work stands at the intersection of technology and sustainability, promising to influence future developments in the field. The findings not only contribute to academic discourse but also hold practical implications for the commercial energy sector, particularly in optimizing energy systems for varied climates. As we look to the future, the integration of such advanced materials and configurations could significantly enhance the viability and efficiency of solar power, making it a more reliable source of energy for all.
