In a significant advancement for the energy sector, researchers from Hunan City University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University have unveiled a novel approach to enhance the role of energy storage batteries in primary frequency control of power grids. This research addresses a pressing challenge: improving the inertial response of energy storage systems, which is crucial for maintaining grid stability amid fluctuating energy demands and generation sources.
The study proposes a control strategy that leverages the capabilities of virtual synchronous generators (VSG) to optimize the performance of energy storage batteries. By integrating dynamic frequency inertia characteristics, the researchers aim to mitigate the maximum frequency deviations that can occur when these batteries participate in grid frequency regulation. “Our approach not only enhances the frequency regulation capabilities of energy storage batteries but also aligns their performance with the dynamic needs of the grid,” explained CAI Zhenhua, a lead author and researcher affiliated with both the Key Laboratory of Energy Monitoring and Edge Computing for Smart City of Hunan Province and the College of Electrical and Information Engineering at Hunan University.
The innovative strategy includes a variable rotor inertia control, which allows for real-time adjustments to rotor inertia based on system frequency deviations and changes. This adaptability is crucial, as it enables energy storage systems to respond effectively to the immediate needs of the power grid. Furthermore, the output feedback model predictive control proposed in the study establishes a feedback loop that dynamically predicts and compensates for frequency deviations, enhancing the reliability of grid operations.
This research holds substantial commercial implications for the energy sector. As the integration of renewable energy sources continues to grow, the need for robust frequency control mechanisms becomes increasingly critical. Energy storage systems that can efficiently participate in primary frequency regulation will not only enhance grid stability but also facilitate a smoother transition to a low-carbon energy landscape. “By optimizing the interaction between energy storage batteries and the grid, we can significantly reduce the frequency variation rate, leading to a more resilient energy infrastructure,” added Zhenhua.
The findings from this research, published in the journal ‘Shanghai Jiaotong Daxue xuebao’ (Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University), provide a promising pathway for the future of energy storage systems. As these technologies evolve, they will likely play a pivotal role in shaping modern power grids, making them more adaptable and efficient in the face of increasing renewable energy integration.
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