In a significant advancement for the energy sector, a recent study has revealed promising insights into enhancing the energy performance of gas turbines in high-efficiency cogeneration plants. The research, led by Roxana Grigore from the Department of Power Engineering and Computer Science at the “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, highlights the potential of modernized gas turbines to operate efficiently under varying load conditions, a critical factor for meeting fluctuating energy demands.
Cogeneration, or combined heat and power (CHP), is recognized as one of the most efficient electricity generation methods, producing both electricity and useful heat simultaneously. This dual production not only reduces energy costs but also minimizes harmful emissions, making it an attractive option for energy producers. The study examines a 14 MW cogeneration unit that utilizes a modernized gas turbine, focusing on its performance at different load levels: 100%, 75%, and 50%. Grigore’s findings reveal a notable decline in efficiency as load decreases, with a 10.7% drop at 75% load and a staggering 30.6% at 50% load compared to full load performance.
“Our analysis demonstrates that while gas turbines are highly efficient at full load, their performance can significantly deteriorate under partial loads,” Grigore stated. “This is a crucial consideration for operators who must navigate the complexities of fluctuating energy demands while striving to maintain optimal efficiency.”
The research employs a detailed energy balance and a Sankey diagram to visualize performance metrics, providing a comprehensive analysis that aligns closely with the manufacturer’s guarantees. Notably, the gross electrical output exceeded the guaranteed value by 1.33%, and the thermodynamic circuit’s efficiency was 0.49% higher under real conditions. These insights are vital for energy producers looking to optimize their operations and reduce costs, particularly in regions like Bacău, Romania, where cold winters necessitate reliable thermal energy for heating.
As the world increasingly turns to cleaner energy sources, the study also explores the potential for blending hydrogen with natural gas in gas turbines, aiming to reduce CO2 emissions. “Transitioning to a fuel blend that includes hydrogen is not only beneficial for emissions reduction but also positions gas turbines as a key player in the energy transition,” Grigore emphasized. This approach aligns with global trends toward decarbonization and offers a pathway for existing gas turbine plants to contribute to a sustainable energy future.
The implications of this research extend beyond individual plants; they resonate throughout the energy sector, potentially influencing policy and investment in cogeneration technologies. With the European Commission’s recent support for high-efficiency cogeneration in Romania, allocating EUR 752 million for its promotion, the timing could not be more critical. Such investments could enhance not only energy efficiency but also grid reliability, particularly as variable renewable energy sources become more prevalent.
The findings of this study, published in the journal ‘Energies’, underscore the importance of ongoing research and innovation in the field of gas turbines and cogeneration. As the energy landscape evolves, the insights provided by Grigore and her team will likely shape future developments, paving the way for more sustainable and efficient energy solutions.
For more information about the research and its implications, visit lead_author_affiliation.
