A new radar system developed at the University of Calcutta is set to enhance our understanding of atmospheric dynamics and ionospheric plasma irregularities. The Calcutta University Stratosphere-Troposphere Radar (CUSTR) operates at a frequency of 53 MHz and utilizes a sophisticated array of 475 Yagi-Uda antennas. This high-power phased array radar is designed to provide valuable data for both scientific research and practical applications, particularly in the energy sector.
The CUSTR system is notable for its robust design, featuring a dedicated 2 kW solid-state Transmit-Receiver Module (TRM) for each antenna, culminating in a total peak power output of 950 kW. This capability allows for precise electronic beam steering, enabling the radar to scan a full 360 degrees in the azimuth direction and reach off-zenith angles of up to 40 degrees. Such versatility is crucial for capturing detailed observations of atmospheric conditions.
P. Nandakumar from the Institute of Radio Physics and Electronics at the University of Calcutta highlights the system’s capabilities, stating, “The CUSTR system can operate in combined modes for Doppler Beam Swinging or in Spaced Antenna mode, which allows for comprehensive data collection.” This flexibility is essential for examining various atmospheric layers, including the boundary layer, troposphere, and lower stratosphere, as well as for identifying wind patterns and ionospheric irregularities.
The implications of the CUSTR radar extend beyond scientific inquiry. As energy companies increasingly rely on accurate weather data for operations, the ability to monitor atmospheric dynamics can lead to improved forecasting and risk management strategies. For instance, understanding wind patterns can enhance the efficiency of wind energy projects, while insights into atmospheric conditions can inform solar energy generation.
Moreover, the radar’s capacity to detect ionospheric irregularities may play a critical role in optimizing satellite communication and navigation systems, which are vital for the energy sector’s operational frameworks. By providing real-time data on atmospheric conditions, the CUSTR radar could help mitigate risks associated with extreme weather events, ultimately leading to more reliable energy supply chains.
The findings and system capabilities are detailed in a recent publication in ‘Scientific Reports,’ emphasizing the growing intersection between atmospheric research and energy applications. As the CUSTR radar continues to gather data, it could pave the way for innovative solutions that enhance the resilience and efficiency of the energy sector in the face of changing environmental conditions.
