Australia’s ambitious goal to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 is driving significant research into the decarbonization of industrial processes, particularly steam generation, which is heavily reliant on fossil fuels. A recent study published in the journal Solar by Mehdi Aghaei Meybodi from the Heavy Industry Low-Carbon Transition Cooperative Research Centre at CSIRO Energy explores how renewable energy sources like solar and wind can replace traditional energy inputs in steam generation for major industries in southwestern Western Australia.
The research emphasizes the importance of electrifying steam generation to meet Australia’s interim target of reducing emissions by 43% below 2005 levels by 2030. Currently, industrial processes contribute around 6% of Australia’s total emissions, and addressing this sector is critical for the country’s climate goals. The study’s findings show that integrating renewable energy technologies, including concentrated solar thermal (CST) systems, photovoltaic (PV) panels, and wind power, can significantly reduce emissions while also providing a reliable steam supply.
One of the key components of the proposed system is thermal storage, which allows for continuous steam generation even when renewable energy sources are variable. This is particularly relevant for industries with high steam demand, such as alumina refineries and steel production facilities. The research indicates that the levelized cost of heat (LCOH) for renewable energy inputs ranges from 15.34 to 36.92 AUD/GJ, making the 30% renewable energy target economically viable. As natural gas prices in Western Australia are projected to rise, the LCOH for renewables could soon become competitive.
Meybodi noted, “The optimization process tends towards favoring the development of large CST plants near a demand point,” which minimizes reliance on the transmission network and reduces costs associated with electrical heating. By focusing on local renewable energy generation, industries can avoid the complexities and expenses of upgrading transmission infrastructure.
The study also highlights the need for significant investment in new renewable energy plants and upgrades to existing transmission lines to facilitate the transition. The research suggests that the existing generation capacity in the South West Interconnected System (SWIS) would need to at least double, if not triple, to support the electrification of steam generation fully.
For energy sector stakeholders, this research presents a clear opportunity to invest in renewable infrastructure and technologies that can facilitate the decarbonization of industrial processes. As Australia moves closer to its emissions reduction targets, industries that adapt early to these changes could benefit from lower operational costs and enhanced sustainability credentials.
In summary, the findings from this study underscore the potential for renewable energy to transform industrial steam generation in Australia, aligning economic interests with environmental goals. As the country strives to meet its climate commitments, the integration of technologies like CST and thermal storage will be crucial in shaping a sustainable energy future.
