Recent research led by Nichapa Parasin from the School of Allied Health Science at the University of Phayao has shed light on the significant health risks posed by PM2.5 pollution in northern Thailand, particularly during the dry season when biomass burning is prevalent. The study, published in PeerJ, highlights a troubling correlation between particulate matter exposure and increased mortality rates from various non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease, hypertension, chronic lung disease, stroke, and diabetes.
The research analyzed PM2.5 data from 2017 to 2021, utilizing both ground-based measurements and reanalysis data to assess the impact of air quality on public health. March emerged as the month with the highest PM2.5 levels, peaking at 100 µg/m3. This spike in pollution corresponded with Hazard Quotient values indicating significant health risks, particularly for men and women in the region, with values ranging from 1.45 to 4.25.
Parasin noted, “Hypertension significantly correlated with PM2.5 levels, followed by chronic lung disease and diabetes,” emphasizing the urgent need for public health interventions. The study’s findings revealed a strong association between PM2.5 exposure and mortality from hypertension, particularly in Chiang Mai, where a two-year lag in mortality was observed.
For the energy sector, these findings underscore the critical importance of transitioning to cleaner energy sources to mitigate air pollution. As biomass burning remains a prevalent practice in northern Thailand, there is a clear opportunity for companies to invest in sustainable energy solutions, such as solar and wind power, which can reduce reliance on polluting biomass fuels.
Additionally, the demand for air quality monitoring technologies and pollution control measures is likely to increase as public awareness of health risks grows. Energy companies could explore partnerships with health organizations to develop initiatives aimed at reducing PM2.5 emissions and improving air quality.
The implications of this research extend beyond public health; they signal a pressing need for the energy sector to innovate and adapt in response to environmental challenges. As Parasin’s study illustrates, the health of communities is intricately linked to the quality of the air they breathe, and it is imperative for the energy industry to play a proactive role in addressing these issues.
This research, published in PeerJ, serves as a crucial reminder of the intersection between environmental health and energy production, urging stakeholders to prioritize cleaner, sustainable practices to protect public health in northern Thailand and beyond.
