A recent study led by Samuel Lalngaihawma from the Department of Electrical Engineering at Mizoram University, Aizawl, India, has made significant strides in enhancing the automatic generation control (AGC) of interconnected power systems that integrate renewable energy sources and electric vehicles (EVs). Published in ‘IEEE Access’, this research addresses the complexities of managing power generation in a deregulated environment, where multiple power systems operate independently yet remain interconnected.
The study focuses on three distinct power systems that incorporate various renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, hydropower, and bioenergy, alongside traditional reheat thermal plants. A key innovation in this research is the introduction of a new cascade controller that combines a Tilt Integral Derivative (TID) controller with a Fractional Order Tilt Integral controller. This unique approach is optimized using a novel Zebra optimization algorithm, which is designed to fine-tune the controller parameters for improved performance.
One of the most compelling findings from Lalngaihawma’s research is the significant improvement in frequency control when electric vehicles are included in the power system. The study reports that the inclusion of EVs resulted in a 55% reduction in frequency settling time and a 71.4% decrease in peak overshoots in one of the interconnected areas. These improvements indicate that EVs can play a critical role in stabilizing power systems, particularly as renewable energy sources become more prevalent and variable.
Lalngaihawma emphasizes the importance of this integration, stating, “The incorporation of electric vehicles not only enhances the stability of power systems but also provides a pathway for better utilization of renewable energy resources.” This perspective highlights the dual benefit of adopting EV technology: it supports a cleaner energy transition while simultaneously improving grid reliability.
For the energy sector, this research opens up various commercial opportunities. As more regions move towards deregulated power markets, the ability to effectively manage and control power generation will be crucial. Companies that invest in advanced control systems and optimization algorithms, like those developed in this study, could position themselves as leaders in the evolving energy landscape. Furthermore, the integration of EVs into power systems may encourage the development of new business models, such as vehicle-to-grid services, where EVs can act as energy storage solutions, providing additional revenue streams for vehicle owners and utilities alike.
The implications of this research extend beyond technical advancements; they underscore the potential for a more resilient and sustainable energy future. As the demand for renewable energy and electric vehicles continues to grow, findings like those presented by Lalngaihawma serve as a vital reminder of the interconnectedness of technology, policy, and market dynamics in shaping the energy sector.
