A recent study published in the Kirkuk Journal of Science has shed light on the impact of various water sources on the growth and yield of two bread wheat varieties, Abu-Ghraib72 and Sham 6. Conducted during the winter season of 2007-2008 in Al-Madhooriya village, Karkuk, the research aimed to evaluate how different irrigation sources affect wheat productivity in the region.
The research, led by Abdullah Yassen, utilized a split-plot design to compare the effects of four distinct water sources: the Kirkuk Irrigation Project, well water from 100 meters deep, well water from 60 meters deep, and water from the Haweeja Irrigation Project. The results revealed significant differences in growth metrics such as plant height, spike length, and weight of 1000 grains, primarily attributed to genetic factors of the wheat varieties.
Notably, the study found that the water from the Kirkuk Irrigation Project consistently produced better results across all measured parameters. “The combination of Abu-Ghraib72 variety with water from Kirkuk Irrigation Project predominated other combinations in plant height and spike length,” Yassen noted. This suggests that utilizing this water source could optimize wheat production in the area.
While both wheat varieties demonstrated resilience and adaptability to the local conditions, the study indicated that Abu-Ghraib72 showed greater resistance to varying water types compared to Sham 6. This finding is particularly relevant for farmers and agricultural stakeholders looking to enhance yield and sustainability in wheat farming. The research also highlighted that well water from 60 meters deep and water from the Haweeja Irrigation Project could be viable alternatives for irrigating the Abu-Ghraib72 variety, providing more options for farmers facing water scarcity.
The study emphasizes the importance of selecting the right irrigation source to maximize crop yield. It also suggests that while taller plants and longer spikes are often associated with higher yields, this is not always the case, as indicated by the correlation coefficients observed.
With the growing demand for food security and sustainable agricultural practices, this research offers valuable insights for farmers, agronomists, and policymakers in the region. By optimizing irrigation strategies, stakeholders can improve wheat production and contribute to the local economy. The findings from this study, published in the Kirkuk Journal of Science, highlight the critical role of water management in enhancing agricultural productivity in Karkuk and similar regions.
