Lithuania is taking a bold step towards reducing carbon emissions from buildings by leveraging the innovative concept of virtual prosumers, which allows consumers to both produce and consume energy. This approach is facilitated by remote solar energy parks, a model that has gained attention across Europe, particularly after Lithuania became the first country to introduce a national digital platform for this purpose in 2019.
The recent study conducted by Grinevičiūtė Monika from the Lithuanian Energy Institute, published in the journal Environmental and Climate Technologies, evaluates the effectiveness of this model in Lithuania. The research includes both qualitative and quantitative analyses, focusing on two case studies of remote solar parks. The findings reveal a significant potential for these parks to contribute to the decarbonization of buildings, especially where traditional onsite solar solutions may not be feasible.
In Case Study A, the energy produced from renewable sources reached an impressive 22.19 kWh/m2, while non-renewable energy usage was a mere 0.22 kWh/m2, resulting in zero carbon dioxide emissions. Case Study B also demonstrated strong performance, with 181.38 kWh/m2 of renewable energy compared to 3.63 kWh/m2 of non-renewable energy, leading to a CO2 emission rate of 6.17 kgCO2/kWh. These results underscore the potential of remote solar parks to significantly lower the carbon footprint of residential buildings.
The study highlights that this model not only supports decarbonization but also fosters inclusivity in renewable energy adoption. It allows various stakeholders, including individuals and businesses, to engage in clean energy production, even if they cannot install solar panels on their own properties. Grinevičiūtė notes, “This model is especially beneficial for structures where onsite solar energy solutions are impractical,” emphasizing its broad applicability.
However, the research also identifies key challenges that need to be addressed for the model to thrive. Regulatory restrictions, infrastructure development needs, a shortage of developers, and public awareness are significant hurdles. The study advocates for the creation of a unified platform to streamline the process and enhance participation.
For commercial sectors, this presents a unique opportunity. Businesses involved in renewable energy technology, infrastructure development, and energy management systems can benefit from the growing interest in remote solar parks. Additionally, real estate developers and building managers may find value in integrating these solutions to meet sustainability goals and attract environmentally conscious consumers.
As Lithuania continues to pioneer this innovative approach, the implications for building decarbonization and carbon emission reduction could set a precedent for other European nations. The findings from this research not only provide insights into the effectiveness of virtual prosumers but also open new avenues for investment and collaboration in the renewable energy sector.
