Recent research published in the Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering, and Technology has highlighted a promising approach to renewable energy generation in West Sumatra, Indonesia, through the gasification of rice husks. Led by Maidi Rizki from Universitas Andalas, the study addresses the pressing need for alternative energy sources in light of increasing fossil fuel consumption and the looming threat of depletion.
The study reveals that West Sumatra’s rice production in 2021 yielded a substantial amount of rice husks—approximately 272,354 tons, which constitutes about 20% of the total rice output. By employing a downdraft gasification method, the researchers demonstrated that these agricultural byproducts could be converted into synthetic gas, or syngas, which can then be utilized to power internal combustion engines coupled with electric generators.
One of the standout findings from the research is the potential electrical energy generation of 118,925 MWh per year from the mass syngas produced, which amounts to around 235,335 tons. This level of energy production could support continuous generator operation for up to 216 days annually. The economic analysis presented in the study indicates that operating a biomass gasifier is significantly more cost-effective than using diesel engines, with daily fuel costs of $224.64 for the gasifier compared to $302.23 for diesel.
Rizki pointed out, “The biomass gasifier is 34.5% more efficient compared to the diesel engine,” underscoring the potential for this technology to reduce operational costs for energy production while also promoting the use of renewable resources.
This research opens up several commercial opportunities, especially for the agricultural sector in West Sumatra. Farmers and agricultural businesses can benefit from converting waste into energy, reducing waste management costs while simultaneously creating a new revenue stream. The findings also align with Indonesia’s national energy policy, which aims to increase the share of renewable energy to 23% by 2025, positioning the region as a leader in sustainable energy initiatives.
As the world shifts towards greener energy solutions, the gasification of rice husks represents an innovative step forward, potentially transforming agricultural waste into a vital resource for energy production in West Sumatra and beyond.